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Auchi was founded by a man called Uchi who migrated from Udo near Benin City about 14th century C.E. definitely before the reign of Oba Ewuare of Benin.
History of Auchi
The Auchi Kingdom was founded by a man called Uchi who migrated from Udo near Benincity at about 14th century. The coming of Uchi, his family and followers to this Guinea Savannah belt know today as Etsako land was as a result of internecine wars, acts of brutality, intimidation and dehumanization that they suffered in the hands of the the bini people of the Benin Kingdomi (Eharevba, 1968).
The town is bounded on the east by South Ibie, on the north-east by Jattu; on the north by Ayua, iyuku and Imeke; on the northwest by Ikpeshi and Ihievbe Ogben; on the south by Ivbiaro and Warrake and on the south by Era and Ayuele-Ugioli (Momodu, 1987). The location of Auchi is hilly with pockets of valleys and flat plains.
It is at a meeting-point between the rain forest and guinea savannah. The settlement was a splendid choice. The town is close to about twenty rivers, rivulets and springs such as Orle, Omemhe, Ofhotsele, Eda Ibariki, Ukpheleghi, Eda Nokhua (Utsogu), Eda Nokhua (Aibotse), Amasomhe, Umhouku, Ayeda, Ayeda-Aminu, Eda Udo, Eda Oke, Eda Ayomhe, Oki, Arhebekpeghie, Edo Ofoli, Ikpaigba and Eda-Eginis.
It was a choice settlement of wise and visionary pathfinders after whom most other towns must have taken a cue and settled nearby. Right from ancient times, migrants have always preferred to settle where they are sure of abundant water, flora and fauna. The case of Auchi could not have been an exception (Oseni, 2020). It is due primarily to the indispensability of water that many groups in Africa and elsewhere took to a deification of the prominent river in their localities (Awolalu, 1979).
The Auchi people of old worshipped Orle, the river goddess of river Orle, with undivided attention and utmost zeal (Awolalu, 1979).7 In the accounts of migration from Benin and its environs to Etsako Land many historians explained how people settled in Auchi while many others moved northwards and eastwards. The lush and verdant vegetation of Auchi, its forest and Savannah belts, and very fertile land had contributed immensely to this reality (Obomeghie, 2020).
Before Islam, Auchi people, like other unenlightened and unexposed people, worshipped a number of deities which they trusted, worshipped and begged for assistance in an innocent manner. Such deities included Uchi (the spirit of the founder of Auchi), Orle (the River goddess), Amanue, Ogholodio, etc. These deities had shrines where they were worshiped by their devotees. At that time, such worship was the official religion of Auchi people (Oseni, 1998). Even when the Nupe over-ran the area along with Kabba, Ebira and other Afenmai territories, the worship of idols was not discarded.
The Nupe warriors were primarily interested in collecting tributes from their subjects. Such tributes included slaves and foodstuff. They were not interested in Islamic propagation in the area as that would have defeated their goal of economic exploitation (Odjugo, 1968). The Nupe people of Nigeria call themselves Nupeci and refer to their language as Nupe. Their neighbors, such as the Hausa, Gbari, Birnin Gwari, Yoruba, and Kakanda, identify them by other names: Nufawa, Abawa, Anupeyi, Anufawhei, Tapa, and Anupecwayi respectively (Kadiri, 1973).
Although the Nupe are scattered over several states in west-central and northern Nigeria, the majority resides in Niger State in Nigeria. A sizable population lives in Kwara and Kogi states as well as in the Federal Capital Territory. The main towns are Bida, Minna, Agaie, Lapai, Mokwa, Jebba, Lafiagi, and Pategi. During the creation of states by subsequent Nigerian governments, Minna was made the capital of Niger State, although Bida remains the largest predominantly Nupe town.
The Nupe occupy a lowland of about 6,950 square miles (18,000 square kilometers) in the Niger Basin, mostly to the north of the river between the Kontagora and Guara confluents, from Kainji to below Baro. Despite its inland location, most of the area is less than 330 feet (100 meters) above sea level and never rises more than 820 feet (250 meters). The oral traditions of the Nupe credit the foundation of the Nupe state to Tsoede in the fifteenth century (Akomolafe, 1976). The Nupe people have various traditions.
Many practices have changed as a result of the movements started by Usman Dan Fodio jihad of the 19th century, but they still hold on to some of their culture. Many Nupe people often have scarification on their faces (similar to an old Yoruba tradition), some to identify their prestige and the family of which they belong as well as for protection, as well as jewelry adornment.
But these traditions are dying out in certain areas. Their art is often abstract. They are well known for their wooden stools with patterns carved onto the surface (Oseni, 2020). It is interesting to note that towards the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century, when the British dislodged the Nupe from the Auchi Kingdom and that was the time the interest in Islam was aroused. The presence of the Nupe people in large numbers in Auchi, Ayuele and other towns sparked off an Islamic revolution with the passage of time.
Language
The language spoken by the Auchi people is ‘Yekhè’ or Etsako amongst the Afenmai language. It is an Edoid language dialect or variant.
Auchi town is divided into five grand quarters which could also be referred to as districts; these are in turn made up of 25 villages.The five grand quarters are:
- AKPEKPE
- UTSOGUN
- AIBOTSE
- IGBHEI
- IYEKHEI
- In recent times, more than 20 extra villages have been created
THE ORIGIN OF AUCHI PEOPLE
Auchi the administrative headquarters of Etsako West, is the most important and populated town in Etsako. The town consists of four villages (Usogun, Akpekpe, Iyekhe, Igbe) .It is about 126 kilometers north-west of Benin City Edo state capital. A predominantly Moslem town, Auchi is spread out on two hills; its vegetation is savannah grassland.Auchi has played a very significant role in the administration of Etsako as whole.
After Okpella and Fuga had held sway as administrative headquarters in their own right in the colonial days. Auchi which earlier became prominent during the Nupe era as a centre of commerce witnessed some decline with the advent of British colonialism. It however bounced back into contention and later operated from around 1920 as the headquarters Of Kukuruku Division later renamed Afemai (Afemah) Division in the 1940s.
The division then covered Akoko – Edo, Owan and the whole of Etsako,When later Etsako division was created in 1971 ° Auchi remained the capital of Etsako Division which embraced all the thirteen Etsako clans. In 1978 the Local Government reforms brought about Etsako Local Gvernment area. Then this was followed by the subsequent creation of Etsako West, Etsako East and later Etsako Central Local Government area. Auchi then became the Local Government headquarter of Etsako West which it has remained to date.With Auchi role as a divisional and later Local Government Headquarter of Afemai and Eisako area respectively, it wielded a lot of influence and attracted all and sundry from the region. And this has in no small way aided its development that marks Auchi as one of the most prominent and fast growing towns in Etsako and in fact Edo state.
THE CLAN
Auchi clan is located to the north of Aviele clan, south of Uzairue clan, west of South-Jbie clan both of Etsako West Local Government Area. On the east it is bound by lvbiadoabi clan in Owan East Local Government area.Auchi people migrated from Benin like the other Etsako people Abiri claimed that they migrated from Udo town in Benin.
The name of the clan is derived from the founder Uchi.Auchi people were said to have been led from Benin City to Auchi by Uchi and his younger brother called Adoabi settling along the banks of river Orle, Omembi, Umhoku, or Fotsele and Eda- Nokhua around the 15th Century.Uchi had five Sons whom he arrived the area with and these sons formed then nucleus frorn which Auchi villages sprang. The sons and the villages named after them are as follows: Ogun (Utsogtin), Ekpe (Afekpe or Akpekpe), Ortse (Aibotse) Igbei and Ekhei (Iyekhei) in the order of senionty.
These villages which are separated are basically settled at the foot of the hill known as Uchi hill. The top of the hill served as the venue of market known as Uchi market.The reference to a section of the Auchi people (Aibotse Igbei and Iye-Khei) as Iraifili is said to have emanated from the fact that the Utsogun and Akpekpe villages (people) built a defensive wall around their quarters leaving out the other three villages who refused to participate in the construction of the wall .
Their refusal it was claimed might have stemmed from their reaction to the supremacy complex of their senior kinsmen (Ustogun and Akpekpe) who then dominated the affairs of the community. .Auchi villages in the past operated as autonomous villages and the most senior man (Odion) in the village ruled, and matters affecting the whole Auchi community were occasionally brought to Uchi market square for deliberation and resolution. The indigenous administration of Auchi was hinged on gerontocracy before the Nupes came in the middle of the 19th century and disrupted the indigenous system and hoisted a regime of terror, as the area became a slave camp and market.
It was during the Nupe era that the system of gerontocracy was disrupted and later paved way for a monarchial system to emerge. Thus Auchi is one of the Etsako clans that seem to have evolved a more stable monarchical system before the dawn of the 21th century. Auchi had a long standing brotherly and warm relationship with other Etsako Clans. On the whole Auchi could be said to be the social and political hob of Etsako as a result of its historical position in modern administration of the area.
Conclusion
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